Militant groups affiliated with Al-Qaeda and the Islamic State (ISIS) continue to intensify their operations across East Africa and the Middle East. In Somalia, Al-Shabaab has escalated attacks, particularly in the capital, Mogadishu, and surrounding regions. The group has also carried out assaults in Kenya, targeting areas such as Mandera, Garissa, and Lamu in the North Eastern and Coastal regions.

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Meanwhile, ISIS remains active in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), where the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF)—now rebranded as the Islamic State Central Africa Province (ISCAP)—operates as a growing jihadist threat.

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In the Middle East, Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) continues to destabilize Yemen, launching attacks not only within the country, but also in neighboring regions. The persistent activities of these militant groups underscore the evolving security challenges in both East Africa and the Middle East.